Producing metal alloys.



LEON eonnunnsrnm, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRODUCING METAL ALLOYS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, LEON Gonnnrnnsrnrn,subject of the Czar of Emma, res dmg in New York city, in the borough ofManhattan and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements for Producing Metal Alloys; and I do. hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which I, it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to a process ofproducing metal alloys without theuse of e ther such additions as ferro-alloys in the case of steel, orcorresponding alloys in the case of copper, or the addition of thealloyed metal in metallic form, but by adding the metal alloyed in achemical combination wlth fluorin, and has for its purposethe'production, of metal alloys containing all the desired constituents,but free from such undesirable constituents as phosphorus, sulfur, andarsenic, with the resultthat alloys thus produced have a higherresisting power to chemical corrosion and mechanical stresses.

From what is known'now about the metallurgy of iron, it appears that thefollowing causes contribute mainly to weakening of iron alloys (thesame, with such modifications as to the action of phosphorus as have sofar been established, applies equally well to copper alloys) lack ofhomogeneity due to the action of occluded gases during cooling;inclusion of slag particles, andaction of sulfur and especiallyphosphorus. Additions like titanium and aluminum are mainly expected totake care of the gases which would otherwise be occluded in the iron,titanium giving on the whole better results than aluminum because it canelimi nate nitrogen as well as oxygen. None of the so called deoxidizersor purifiers hitherto used have been able to eliminate sulfur.

and phosphorus as well as the gaseous inclusions, and at the same timeto produce a general purification and more uniform setting and coolingof the iron or copper alloy.

Since fluorin is a gas of such properties as to make its handling undershop conditions entirely unpracticable, it is added to the metal bath,either at melting or in casting, in such chemical combinations asdissociate, that is to say decompose at the temperature of the bath, anddo not add to the alloy undesirable constituents. As such combinationsmay be used nickel fluorid, manganese Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 26, 1914.

Application filed January 17, 1913. Serial No. 742,694.

fluorid or sesquifluorid, chromium fluorid, or any other fluorid orfluorin combination satisfying the above stated conditions. Should it befound however that the alloy is so proportioned that any extra materialis undesirable, iron fluorid and copper fluorid may be used in theirrespective cases, i. 6. iron fluorid with iron alloys, and copperfluorid with copper alloys. The proportion of the fluorid thusintroduced depends-entirely on the chemical constituency of the alloyand the purpose of the addition of the alloy. As little as 0.1 of oneper cent. of fluorid to 100 per cent. of the alloy by weight may beintroduced when it is desired only to eliminate small amounts ofphosphorus or sulfur present, while considerably larger amounts, up to12 per cent., and even still more, may be introduced when the objectsought isan alloy of particular strength and toughness. Flourin may thusbe usefully introduced into practically all binary, ternary andquaternary alloys of iron and copper, with the exception of copper alloyknown as phosphorus bronze, unless it is desired to eliminate some ofthe phosphorus there present.

I claim:

1. A process of producing alloys, com' prising adding to a metal mass acompound of fluorin with another element, having an atomic weight inexcess of forty-one.

2. A process of producing alloys free from undesirable substances.initially present therein, comprising adding to a metal mass containingsuch substances a compound of fluorin with another element, having anatomic weight in excess of forty-one.

3. The process of producing alloys, which comprises adding to a bath ofmolten metal containing an impurity, a fluorid of a metal which isdissociated at the temperature of the bath, thereby removing theimpurity and forming an alloy between the metal from the fluorid and themetal of the bath.

4. The process of producing alloys, which comprises adding to a bath ofmolten iron containing an impurity, a fluorid of a metal which isdissociated at the temperature of the iron, thereby removing theimpurity and forming an alloy between the metal from the fluorid and theiron of the bath.

5. The process of producing alloys, which comprises adding, at the timeof casting, to a bath of molten metal containing an impurity, a fluoridof a metal which is dissociated WHY; 1,098,36

- 10 by removing the impurity and forming an alloy between the metalfrom the' fluorid and the iron of the bath.

Signed in New York city, in the borough of Manhattan and State of NewYork, in the presence of two Witnesses.

LEON GOLDMERSTEIN.

Witnesses:

F. B. GARRAHAN, E. J. GIBLING.

